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Busan Eco Delta Smart City will reduce carbon emissions by 45% by building a fuel cell power plant with a capacity of 60 MW to replace fossil fuel energy. Further, the city aims to remove 99% or more air pollutant including the particulate matter (PM), by adopting electric vehicles and green public transport that is also pedestrian friendly. This scheme can reduce the city’s carbon emission by 20%, which contributes to achieving a smart city with 50% less carbon emissions.
The negawatt system will be applied to supply power to various facilities in addition to household consumers, such as factories, offices, commercial facilities, and data centers. The City Energy Management System (CEMS) will be used to optimize the overall and individual demand.
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)
Considering how the climate affects the generation of renewable energy, Busan Eco Delta Smart City is adopting an energy storage system (ESS) to store excess (unused) power for later trade. The city plans to achieve generating 120% of power required from renewable energy, with 10% power supply for heating from waterthermal energy and the ESS.
To enable power generation with water-thermal energy, K-water will apply water managing know-hows it has accumulated over the years. K-water will also launch a special purpose company (SPC) for long-term operation and building of the water-thermal energy supply system. The efforts include active applications of photovoltaics (PV) and building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) in residential buildings to promote green energy use.
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)
Passive and active energy-saving technologies will be used in Busan Eco Delta Smart City in its efforts to gradually reduce energy loss. Also, there will be a block of 56 zero-energy houses that use a self-sustaining power system with renewable energy.
Passive technologies include high-performance outer wall insulation, thermal block, high-performance triple pane windows & doors, air-tight finishing, heat recovery systems that minimize the initial energy consumption and loss. Active technology refers to photovoltaics (PV), building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), energy storage system (ESS), fuel-cell, water-thermal heat, geothermal heat, etc
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)
In Busan Eco Delta Smart City, wastewater will be treated in an economically friendly way and reused for cleaning (1.8%), main waterway (91.1%), and gardening (7.1%). The plan is to reuse 10% of wastewater generated in the city. Wastewater from households and restaurants will be processed through an advanced water treatment system, and the treatment facilities will be equipped with reuse pressure systems.
The complete wastewater reuse policy in Busan Eco Delta Smart City will be a proactive measure to protect rights to water and to counter water shortage problems.
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)
Busan Eco Delta Smart City aims to reduce the amount of water used and wasted without use per person by 20% using the SWM.
The SWM system to be implemented in Busan Eco Delta Smart City uses scientific approaches to converge and manage water resources and the entire water supply cycle of purification, distribution, use, and reuse.
The SWM is a complete water management model in which expands water management from resource-centered to all areas of water flow, aiming to secure reliability, safety, and efficiency of water supply by designing and operating the Smart Water Grid (SWG).
Source : K-water(www.kwater.or.kr)
An advanced impervious area management plan will apply to Busan Eco Delta Smart City, to restore the natural water cycle and reduce the impervious area to under 15%.
An impervious area refers to an area of surface that cannot absorb water from rain or snow, such as roads, driveways, pavements, roofs, parking lots, etc.
More impervious areas cause the amount of rainwater runoff and non-point pollutants, preventing building of subsurface water and creating other water-related problems.
Controlling the impervious areas to restore the water cycle is a part of the comprehensive water cycle management in a city as it helps to counter various issues arising from rainwater runoff.
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)
Source : www.researchgate.net
Busan Eco Delta Smart City will implement a new renewable energy system that uses a heat pump (high-efficiency heat energy pump) the energy from differing temperatures in the wastewater in heating and cooling. This system will allow supplying 16.5% power demanded from the thermal energy in wastewater, making it an important source of renewable energy.
Development and application of new sources of renewable energy are expanding globally and construction of smart cities relies heavily on the utilization of renewable energy. Celsius Initiative is a consortium supporting cities in energy transition to green systems, with 50 member cities taking initiatives at the moment.
Source : www.celsiuscity.eu
Source : www.hamburgwatercycle.de
Household waste produced in Busan Eco Delta Smart City will be incinerated to generate energy. This energy will be used to provide heat (steam and hot water) to the regional heating systems and other applications. The amount of energy generated from the SRF incineration will be 35% of the total power demanded by the city.
To be ready for climate change and to ensure sustainable development, modern cities must establish an energy cycling system with realistic goals. This can be only achieved by moving beyond the simple, pipeline supply system and applying the concept of supply-use-recovery-supply cycle throughout the operation of the power supply system.
Source : Busan Eco Delta Smart City Master Plan(K-water, 2019)